Lev Vygotsky 1978

By King Meera -
Contextual/Sociocultural

  • Central focus is social, cultural and historical complex
  • Stresses on child's active engagement with environment, like Piaget
  • Cognitive growth is a collaborative process
  • Child acquires cognitive skills through social interaction
  • Shared activities enable kids to internalize society's ways of thinking and behaving
  • Adults must help direct and organize child's behavior
  • Effective for helping child cross the zdp (Zone of Proximal Distance) that is the difference between what a child can do alone and what he can do with help
  • In the course of collaboration, responsibility for directing and monitoring learning gradually shifts to child
  • Ex: learning how to float in water
  • Scaffolding - temporary support that parents, teachers or others give a child to master a task until the child can do it alone
  • implications for education and cognitive testing - focus on a child's potential as opposed to what he has already learned

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