Also Chapter 1 (sort of) : Formalism, New Criticism
Formalism: Russian formalism, Russian revolution, Bolshevik revolution etc emphasis on form focus on literariness of the text what is or isn't literature is also based on the language used: where "Frailty, thy name is woman" is poetic and literary, "you are a frail woman" is merely everyday speech looked for literary and poetic devices, rhyme scheme, diction, syntax et did not care about context making the stone stonier Victor Schlovsky: defamiliarization making that which is familiar to you, unfamiliar literature makes standard language defamiliarized to us for instance, "boy meets girl - fall in love - both die" sounds like a stupid plot but Romeo and Juliet is considered a literary masterpiece Ian Mukarovsky: Foregrounding standard language (background) poetic language (in foreground) together become literary language still believed that context make reader digress from meaning of text Roman Jakobsen: Literature is ...